• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a generator, in particular for a hybrid vehicle, with a two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine having two pistons (3, 4) which are guided in two cylinders (1, 2). in tandem arrangement, and two counter-rotating crankshafts (7, 8) which are connected to the pistons (3, 4) by connecting rods (5, 6), - a generator (11) which is rotatable in the same direction by relative to the first crankshaft (7) and in the opposite direction relative to the second crankshaft (8), and - a compensation shaft (12) which is rotatable in the same direction relative to the second crankshaft (8) and in the opposite direction with respect to the first crankshaft (7), wherein the generator (11) is drivably connected by first traction means (9) directly to the first crankshaft (7). Figure 1
    公开号:FR3078366A1
    申请号:FR1858494
    申请日:2018-09-19
    公开日:2019-08-30
    发明作者:Frank Obrist；Tsuneo Konno；Olivier Obrist
    申请人:Obrist Technologies GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title: GENERATOR
    The present invention relates to a generator and a vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle with such a generator.
    Generating sets with a two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine, the pistons of which are guided in two cylinders in tandem arrangement and which have counter-rotating crankshafts which are connected to the piston by connecting rods, are known in principle from l 'state of the art. In particular, the documents DE 10 2014 115 042 A1, DE 10 2014 115 041 A1, DE 10 2014 115 044 A1 and EP 2 633 166 B1 attributed to the applicant present such generator sets.
    It is common for known generator sets to present a generator which is connected in drive to one of the crankshafts. Several variants of known generator sets also have a compensation shaft which is also connected in drive to one of the crankshafts.
    The generators known beforehand have various applications. Preferably they are used in hybrid vehicles. In particular, the previously known generator sets are designed for a nominal electrical power of around 85 kW.
    The present invention is based on the objective of perfecting the existing basic concept and of expanding it in particular to the fields of application to which lower powers are sufficient. At the same time the generator set must be able to be mass produced as economically as possible. Another objective of the invention consists in indicating a vehicle with such a generator.
    According to the invention, this objective is achieved by the new generator, in particular for a hybrid vehicle, with a reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders which has two pistons (3, 4) which are guided in two cylinders (1, 2) in tandem arrangement, and two crankshafts (7, 8) rotating in opposite directions which are connected to the pistons (3, 4) by connecting rods (5,
    6), a generator (11) which is rotatable in the same direction relative to the first crankshaft (7) and in the opposite direction relative to the second crankshaft (8), and a compensation shaft (12) which is rotatable in the same direction with respect to the second crankshaft (8) and in the
    reverse through compared to the first crankshaft ( 7), in which the generator (11) is connected in training through a first traction means (9) directly to the first crankshaft (7) and the shaft of compensation (12) is connected in training by a second way to traction (10 ) directly to the second crankshaft i (8), and in which tree of compensation (12) and / or the second crankshaft (8)
    carry an inertial mass element (13). This objective is also with regard to the vehicle by a vehicle, in particular hybrid vehicle, with a generator set according to the invention.
    Concretely the invention is based on the idea of indicating a generator, in particular for a hybrid vehicle, with a reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders. The two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine has two pistons and two crankshafts rotating in opposite directions. The pistons are guided in two cylinders in tandem arrangement. The crankshafts are connected to the pistons by connecting rods. In addition, the generator set includes a generator which can be turned in the same direction with respect to the first crankshaft and in the opposite direction with respect to the second crankshaft, as well as a compensation shaft which is rotatable in the same direction with respect to the second crankshaft and in reverse with respect to the first crankshaft. The generator is connected in drive by a first traction means directly to the first crankshaft, in which the compensating shaft is connected in drive by a second traction means directly to the second crankshaft. The compensating shaft and / or the second crankshaft carry an inertial mass element.
    The invention is based on the idea of replacing a second generator as provided for example in the state of the art according to document DE 10 2014 115 042 A1, with an inertial mass element on the shaft and / or the second crankshaft. Silent operation is achieved by the mass of inertia element which also presents the known generator. This therefore does not go hand in hand with the reduction in power comprising other impairments of the advantages of known generator sets.
    Identical components can simultaneously be used as for other previously known generator sets with a higher power level. Thus a component system appears making it possible to economically manufacture generators of different power levels. In particular, the two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine as the basic module of the component system can thus be kept identically for different power levels. The costs during mass production are thus considerably reduced.
    Preferably, it is expected that a sum of the rotary mass (mass of inertia) of the mass of inertia element corresponds approximately to the total of the revenues of the rotary masses of the generator and of the first crankshaft. Overall it is preferably provided that the generator and the first crankshaft rotate in operation in the same direction, in which the compensating shaft and the second crankshaft rotate in operation in their own direction in the same direction, however in opposite direction the direction of rotation of the generator and the first crankshaft. In that it is preferably now provided that the rotary mass of the mass of inertia element which is arranged on the compensation shaft and / or the second crankshaft corresponds to the sum of the rotary masses of the generator and of the first crankshaft, dynamic mass compensation is reached. Second order mass forces can be concretely compensated. This ensures particularly quiet operation, in particular with few oscillations of the generator.
    The advantage of the high silent operation which is achieved with the generator set according to the invention is in particular essential for the use of the generator set in a hybrid vehicle. The generator set is intended in particular in combination with a serial hybrid system for which the generator set generates just electrical energy which is stored in a battery accumulator and is then routed to the electric motors of the powertrain. The electric motors serve as direct drive motors for the drive axle or the driven wheels of the hybrid vehicle.
    As part of a serial hybrid system the reciprocating piston engine of the generator set can operate in a speed range which is independent of the current travel speed. In particular, the reciprocating piston engine can be kept constant within a predetermined speed range in order to make available as efficiently as possible and with low emission of fuel and polluting electrical energy.
    Since hybrid vehicles are equipped with a battery accumulator, it is also not necessary for the generator set to be constantly activated during the operating mode of the hybrid vehicle. The reciprocating piston engine is preferably brought into operation by means of a control preferably only when this is necessary for the monitoring of electrical energy in the battery accumulator.
    This leads to the generator set being put on and off in the hybrid vehicle's travel mode multiple times. In particular when starting a reciprocating piston engine of the traditional type, strong oscillations are generated, which are transmitted in the passenger compartment and are felt as unpleasant.
    The particular silent operation of the generator set according to the invention is highlighted here, which is felt in particular in the starting behavior of the reciprocating piston engine. The compensation of the second order mass forces makes it possible to considerably reduce oscillations, in particular when starting the engine. Simultaneously the noise emission of the generator set according to the invention is kept very low by the high silent operation of the reciprocating piston engine. Consequently, this results in a quiet start and operation of the two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine so that an occupant does not register in a hybrid vehicle equipped with the generator set according to the invention generally neither by means of vibrations nor by means of a generation of noise that the generator set has been put into service. Hybrid vehicles can therefore be created, whose silent operation and noise emission almost equals purely electric battery vehicles.
    In a preferred embodiment of the generator set according to the invention, it is provided that the first traction means is guided without reference between the first crankshaft and the generator and the second traction means between the second crankshaft and the compensation shaft. In the context of the request, guidance without return of the traction means is also understood as such when the traction means are guided for example by chain tensioners or similar devices insofar as these do not take any torque nor force.
    It is essential that a force transmission is carried out for the first traction means preferably exclusively to the first crankshaft and to the generator. For the second traction means, a force transmission preferably only to the second crankshaft and to the compensating shaft. Guides arranged between them, for example by chain tensioners, do not receive any force from the traction means so that here there is freedom of return within the meaning of the present application.
    Guidance without deflection has the advantage that in this way the number of moving parts relatively to each other is reduced, which avoids additional noise emissions. This also contributes to silent operation not only in the acoustic sense but also in the mechanical sense
    It is preferably provided that only a single generator is coupled to the reciprocating piston engine. Since electric generators are expensive, reduction to a single generator results in a corresponding cost reduction. In addition, structural space is saved in this way, which is rare in particular in fields of application for small vehicles, such as quads, motorcycles or similar vehicles.
    It is pointed out that, within the meaning of the present application, the preferred variant with a single generator only refers to an electric generator which is dimensioned so that the power of the reciprocating piston engine is mainly emitted on the generator and is converted into electric energy. Accessory generators such as for an oil pump and the like are not included. In other words, a generator also has a single generator within the meaning of the present application when accessory generators for additional groups such as an oil pump are also provided.
    In particular, a generator is designated by generator within the meaning of the present application, which is provided in order to inject electrical energy into a displacement battery of a hybrid vehicle, in which the generator is dimensioned so that electrical energy can be sufficiently made available for the displacement drive of a hybrid vehicle. Other electrical machines in the generator set which operate, for example, accessory groups, are designated on the other hand as accessory generators.
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the first traction means exclusively connects the first crankshaft to the generator. By connection between the first crankshaft and the generator is meant such a connection which transmits forces. In other words, provision is made for first traction means to exclusively connect the first crankshaft to the generator by force transmission. In this way the silent operation is further improved as other force transmitting connections are avoided with displaced parts. In addition, this configuration is used for the compactness of the generator set.
    The advantage of the silent operation and of the compact construction is further improved, so that preferably the second traction means exclusively connects the second crankshaft to the compensating shaft, in particular by force transmission.
    The first traction means and the second traction means may in particular have the same length. Thus, for the first traction means and the second traction means, identical components can be used, which makes it possible to increase the degree of standardization in mass production. This has a positive impact on component costs and thus on the manufacturing costs of the generator set.
    The first traction means and the second traction means can be formed respectively by a toothed chain or a toothed belt. The use of a toothed belt is particularly preferred in order to keep noise emissions low. A toothed chain is distinguished by increased resistance to fatigue and lower component costs.
    It is preferably provided that the reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders has a nominal power of at least 30 kW and / or at most 50 kW. Other power levels in the range between 30 kW and 50 kW are possible. In particular, it is provided in a preferred variant that the reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders has a nominal power of 45 kW.
    In order to save many components if possible and thus keep the costs of mass production as low as possible, it is advantageously provided that the reciprocating two-cylinder piston engine is produced as a pure suction engine. This means in the sense of the present application in particular that the two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine does not have any exhaust gas turbocharger or electric compressor.
    As a compensation shaft for the generator set according to the invention, a shaft with a compensation mass is preferably used. Concretely, provision may be made, in a particularly preferred manner, for the compensation shaft to be formed exclusively by a shaft with a compensation mass. The compensation shaft is also advantageously particularly simple, which simplifies mass production and leads to considerable cost savings.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle with a generator set previously described. The particular silent operation of the generator makes it possible to consider the vehicle according to the invention as particularly comfortable to drive.
    The invention is explained in detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. The figures of the drawings represent:
    [Figure 1] a generator according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment, in which the mass of inertia element is carried by the compensation shaft; and [Figure 2] a generator according to the invention according to another preferred embodiment, in which the mass of inertia element is carried by the second crankshaft.
    FIG. 1 represents a generator set according to the invention which is formed substantially by a reciprocating piston engine, a generator 11 and a compensating shaft 12. The reciprocating piston engine has two cylinders 1 and 2 arranged in tandem form, in particular parallel to each other. Pistons 3, 4 are guided in cylinders 1 and 2, which are coupled by connecting rods 5, 6 by articulation respectively to a crankshaft 7, 8. The crankshafts 7, 8 can be turned in opposite directions and have respectively front side toothed wheels 9, 10 which mesh so as to synchronize the movement of the pistons 3, 4.
    Preferably it is provided that the distance between the articulated connections between the connecting rods 5, 6 and the pistons 3, 4 is less than the distance of the crankshaft axes between them. The cylinders 1, 2 are therefore arranged in offset inwards relative to the crankshafts 7, 8. This leads to the fact that in a top dead center of the pistons, the connecting rods 5, 6 are at a slight angle relative to the axes crankshaft, which reduces the friction of the piston rod. This results in a particularly quiet engine start.
    The pistons 3, 4 and the crankshafts 7, 8 are oriented relative to each other so that the pistons 3, 4 rotate in operation of the reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders parallel to each other. This means that the pistons 3, 4 simultaneously reach the top dead center and the bottom dead center in the cylinders 1, 2. The two pistons preferably pass the same lifting space.
    The toothed wheels 9, 10 on the front sides of the crankshafts 7, 8 can be made as toothed wheels or front wheels with straight teeth or oblique teeth. The use of gear wheels with oblique teeth is particularly preferred as a considerable reduction in noise must be achieved by the oblique teeth.
    A generator is provided arranged laterally and in a plane with the cylinders 1, 2, which is connected in drive directly by a first traction means 9 to the first crankshaft 7. The first traction means can be formed in particular by a toothed chain or a toothed belt. The first traction means 9 extends substantially without reference between the generator 11 and the first crankshaft 7.
    In addition, a compensating shaft 12 is provided, which is arranged substantially at the same height as the generator 11. The compensating shaft 12 is arranged next to the reciprocating piston engine in the plane of the cylinders 1, 2. The shaft compensation 12 is preferably arranged opposite the generator 11.
    In other words, it is particularly preferred that the axes of rotation of the generator 11, of the compensation shaft 12 and of the two crankshafts 7, 8 be oriented parallel to each other. The axes of rotation of the crankshafts 7, 8 lie on a lower horizontal plane and the axes of rotation of the generator 11 and of
    1 compensation shaft are on an upper horizontal plane.
    In this way a particularly compact structure of the generator can be obtained, as is clearly recognizable in FIGS. 1 and 2.
    The reciprocating piston engine also has not shown lower cam shafts which drive several valves 14. The cam shafts are driven by means of a third traction means 15 which can be produced in particular as a belt or chain, by the second crankshaft 8.
    The reciprocating piston engine further comprises an oil sump 16 with an oil filter 17 and an oil pump 18, in which the oil pump 18 is connected in drive by a fourth traction means 19 to the first drive shaft. coupling 7.
    In order to achieve the particular advantageous silent operation of the generator, an inertial mass element 13 is provided. The mass of inertia element can be configured as mass of inertia with an eccentric mass of inertia. The mass inertia torques to be compensated for appear by the generator 11 which causes a corresponding imbalance during rotation and thus oscillations. The compensation is carried out by the inertial mass element 13 because it is mounted on components which rotate in opposite directions relative to the generator 11. This relates on the one hand to the second crankshaft 8 and on the other hand share compensation shaft 12
    In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the mass of inertia element 13 is fixed on the compensation shaft 12. In particular, the compensation shaft 12 carries the mass of inertia element 13. The inertial mass element 13 is connected without being able to rotate to the compensation shaft 12. For this embodiment of the generator set of toothed wheels or pulleys mounted on the generator 11 and the compensation shaft 12 which are in engagement with the respective traction means 9, 10, are equipped with identical diameters. This leads to the generator 11 and the compensating shaft 12 rotating at the same rotational speed so that the rotational mass of the generator 11 and the rotating mass of inertia of the mass of inertia element 13 compensate. In this way second order mass inertia couples are compensated in particular.
    In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the mass of inertia element 13 is arranged on the second crankshaft 8. In particular the second crankshaft 8 carries the mass of inertia element 13. The coupling of the element of inertia mass 13 with the second crankshaft 8 is however preferably carried out indirectly by a transmission gear so that the mass of inertia element 13 rotates in operation at a speed doubled compared to the second crankshaft 8.
    In FIGS. 1 and 2, it is in principle recognizable that the traction means 9, 10 cause a transmission in 2: 1 ratio between the generator 11 or the compensating shaft 12 and the two crankshafts 7, 8. This means that the generator 11 rotates twice as fast as the crankshafts 7,
    8. In order to now compensate for the mass inertia torques which are largely triggered by the generator 11, it is therefore appropriate to let the mass of the inertia element 13 also rotate at the speed of rotation of the generator 11, however reverse. Since the inertia mass element is therefore carried by the second crankshaft 8, a 2: 1 transmission is advantageous so that the inertia mass element 13 rotates twice as fast as the crankshafts 7 , 8 and therefore also quickly with the generator. With the arrangement of the mass of inertia element 13 on the second crankshaft 8 in particular, roll torques can be compensated.
    For all the exemplary embodiments, the two-cylinder reciprocating piston engine should be made as a pure suction engine, in particular without exhaust gas turbocharger or compressor, therefore without compression of the suction air of combustion. This further reduces component costs and thus ensures a particular simplification in mass production.
    Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown, from which we can provide other modes and other embodiments, without departing from the scope of the invention .
    List of numerical references
    1, 2 Cylinder
    3, 4 Piston
    5, 6 Connecting rod
    7 First crankshaft
    Second crankshaft
    First means of traction
    Second means of traction
    Generator
    12 Compensation shaft
    Mass of inertia element
    Valve
    Third means of traction
    oil pan
    17 Oil filter
    Oil pump
    Fourth means of traction
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Generating set, in particular for a hybrid vehicle, with
    - a reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders which has two pistons (3, 4) which are guided in two cylinders (1, 2) in tandem arrangement, and two crankshafts (7, 8) rotating in opposite directions which are connected to the pistons (3, 4) by connecting rods (5, 6),
    a generator (11) which is rotatable in the same direction relative to the first crankshaft (7) and in the opposite direction relative to the second crankshaft (8), and
    - a compensation shaft (12) which is rotatable in the same direction relative to the second crankshaft (8) and in the opposite direction relative to the first crankshaft (7), in which the generator (11) is connected in drive by a first traction means (9) directly to the first crankshaft (7) and the compensating shaft (12) is connected in drive by a second traction means (10) directly to the second crankshaft (8), and in which the shaft compensation (12) and / or the second crankshaft (8) carry an inertial mass element (13).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that a sum of the rotary mass of the mass of inertia element (13) corresponds substantially to the total of the sums of the rotary masses of the generator (11) and the first crankshaft ( 7).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Generator set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first traction means (9) is guided without reference between the first crankshaft (7) and the generator (11) and the second traction means (10) is guided without return between the second crankshaft (8) and the compensation shaft (12).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that only a single generator (11) is coupled to the reciprocating piston engine.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first traction means (9) connects the first crankshaft exclusively to the generator (11).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second traction means (10) connects the second crankshaft exclusively to the compensation shaft (12).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first traction means (9) and the second traction means (10) have the same length.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first traction means (9) and the second traction means (10) are formed respectively by a toothed chain or a toothed belt.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders has a nominal power of at least 30 kW and / or at most 50 kW.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Generator set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reciprocating piston engine with two cylinders is produced as a pure suction engine.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Generating set according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compensation shaft (12) is formed exclusively by a shaft with a compensation mass
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Vehicle, in particular hybrid vehicle, with a generator set according to any one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
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    FR3056463B1|2019-10-11|EPICYCLOIDAL DOUBLE TRAIN POWERTRAIN OPTIMIZED FOR A HYBRID VEHICLE
    WO2014184461A1|2014-11-20|Transmission for a hydraulic hybrid vehicle, comprising a planetary gear train linked to a pump by a speed reducer
    FR2669676A1|1992-05-29|Bearings making it possible to vary the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine
    CN1139732C|2004-02-25|Oil path structure of crank shaft
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    DE102018010272A1|2019-08-29|
    US10989273B2|2021-04-27|
    DE202018105331U1|2018-10-30|
    JP2019148261A|2019-09-05|
    DE102018104546B3|2019-06-19|
    CN209261671U|2019-08-16|
    KR20190103004A|2019-09-04|
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    引用文献:
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    DE102014115042A1|2014-10-16|2016-04-21|Obrist Technologies Gmbh|generator|
    DE102014115044A1|2014-10-16|2016-04-21|Obrist Technologies Gmbh|generator|
    DE102014115043B4|2014-10-16|2021-12-23|Obrist Technologies Gmbh|Generator set|
    DE102014115041A1|2014-10-16|2016-04-21|Obrist Technologies Gmbh|generator|CZ308401B6|2018-11-27|2020-07-29|Václav KNOB|Piston combustion engine with generator|
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    法律状态:
    2019-09-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-09-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-09-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-12-24| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20211224 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102018104256|2018-02-26|
    DE102018104256.6|2018-02-26|
    DE102018104546.8A|DE102018104546B3|2018-02-26|2018-02-28|generator|
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